As soon as they have the test results they can advertise that the vehicle meets the NHTSA's 5-Star Safety standards
There is some debate as to whether or not they will be able to ever claim the vehicle to be 'NHTSA 5-Star Safety Rated' however they would be able to state that the vehicle meets the 'NHTSA's 5-Star Safety standards' without having to worry about being accused of false advertising as they would have the test results to back it up.
Isn't that NCAP rating you are referring to? NCAP stands for New Car Assessment Program.
Elio is an autocycle, so it doesn't have to meet NCAP standards.